[315] Kenyatta also wanted to contain parliamentary opposition and at Kenyatta's prompting, in November 1964 KADU officially dissolved and its representatives joined KANU. In June 2013, Britain announced it will pay roughly $31. [54] In February 1928, he was part of a KCA party that visited Government House in Nairobi to give evidence in front of the Hilton Young Commission, which was then considering a federation between Kenya, Uganda, and Tanganyika. [560] Ngg saw Kenyatta as a "twentieth-century tragic figure: he could have been a Lenin, a Mao Tse-Tung, or a Ho Chi Minh; but he ended up being a Chiang Kai-Shek, a Park-Chung Hee, or a Pinochet. "[419] The KPU were legally recognised as the official opposition,[420] thus restoring the country's two party system. [217], In April 1953, Judge Thacker found the defendants guilty. "[309] He had flown Edna and Peter over for the ceremony, and in Kenya they were welcomed into Kenyatta's family by his other wives. [257] KANU nevertheless refused to form a government, which was instead created through a KADU-led coalition of smaller parties. Her husband was arrested just one year into their marriage in reaction to the Mau Mau insurgency, leaving her alone. [383] Between 1964 and 1966, the number of primary schools grew by 11.6%, and the number of secondary schools by 80%. [10] Kenyatta then moved in with his grandfather, Kongo wa Magana, and assisted the latter in his role as a traditional healer. [325] The Kikuyuwho made up around 20 percent of populationstill held most of the country's important government and administrative positions. [562] In other areas Kenyatta's government also faced criticism; it for instance made little progress in advancing women's rights in Kenya. [200] Kenyatta publicly distanced himself from the Mau Mau. [239] In October 1961 she bore him another son, Uhuru, and later on another daughter, Nyokabi, and a further son, Muhoho. [71], Kenyatta developed contacts with radicals to the left of the Labour Party, including several communists. [160] He also beganalthough never finisheda novel partly based on his life experiences. How did Jomo Kenyattas fiscal policy affect low-income Kenyans? [563], Assensoh argued that in his life story, Kenyatta had a great deal in common with Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah. [302] Many radical voices in Kenya urged him to pursue the project;[303] in May 1964, Kenyatta rejected a back-benchers resolution calling for speedier federation. [288] MacDonald and Kenyatta developed a strong friendship;[289] the Briton referred to the latter as "the wisest and perhaps strongest as well as most popular potential Prime Minister of the independent nation to be". [169] He subsequently authored an IASB pamphlet, Kenya: The Land of Conflict, in which he blended political calls for independence with romanticised descriptions of an idealised pre-colonial African past. A 2014 New World Wealth report which revealed the wealthiest families in Kenya ranked the Kenyatta family among centimillionaires with fortunes worth between $100 million (KSh 11 billion and $ 1 billion (KSh 110.5 . They were slapped with what could only be described as trumped up charges. [82] Anger between the two sides had heightened, several churches expelling KCA members from their congregations, and it was widely believed that the January 1930 killing of an American missionary, Hulda Stumpf, had been due to the issue. At some point, he took to calling himself "Kinyata" or "Kenyatta" after this garment. [215] The trial lasted five months: Rawson Macharia, the main prosecution witness, turned out to have perjured himself; the judge had only recently been awarded an unusually large pension and maintained secret contact with the then colonial Governor Evelyn Baring. [550] There had been an expansion in primary, secondary, and higher education, and the country had taken what Maxon called "giant steps" toward achieving its goal of universal primary education for Kenyan children. [201] In April 1952, he began a speaking tour in which he denounced the Mau Mau to assembled crowds, insisting that independence must be achieved through peaceful means. I am currently a third year student at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Statistics degree. He was a well educated intellectual who authored several books, and is . [557] The criticisms that leftists like Odinga made of Kenyatta's leadership were similar to those that the intellectual Frantz Fanon had made of post-colonial leaders throughout Africa. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [452] On 22 August 1978, he died of a heart attack in the State House, Mombasa. [520] Kenyatta had no racist impulses regarding white Europeans, as can, for instance, be seen through his marriage to a white English woman. Jomo Kenyatta[a] CGH (c.1897 22 August 1978) was a Kenyan anti-colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to his death in 1978. [2] Muigai was sufficiently wealthy that he could afford to keep several wives, each living in a separate nymba (woman's hut). [170], After British victory in World War II, Kenyatta received a request to return to Kenya in September 1946, sailing back that month. [233] In 1955, the British writer Montagu Slatera socialist sympathetic to Kenyatta's plightreleased The Trial of Jomo Kenyatta, a book which raised the profile of the case. Backed by several other senior KANU figures and trade unionists, he became head of the new Kenya Peoples Union (KPU). In this position, he was tasked with fetching the company wages from a bank in Nairobi, 25 miles (40km) away. [421], The new party was a direct challenge to Kenyatta's rule,[421] and he regarded it as a communist-inspired plot to oust him. In March 1975 Kariuki was kidnapped, tortured, and murdered, and his body was dumped in the Ngong Hills. All was well until the relationship between the elder Kenyatta and Jaramogi Oginga Odinga went into a nosedive. [193], By 1952, Kenyatta was widely recognized as a national leader, both by his supporters and by his opponents. [57] Kenyatta had two children from his first marriage with Grace Wahu: son Peter Muigai Kenyatta (born 1920), who later became a deputy minister; and daughter Margaret Kenyatta (born 1928). [464] His body was buried in a mausoleum in the grounds of the Parliament Buildings in Nairobi. On being greeted by a crowd shouting KPU slogans, he lost his temper. He is also the. [335] The government encouraged the use of Swahili as a national language, although English remained the main medium for parliamentary debates and the language of instruction in schools and universities. [17] He also performed chores for the mission, including washing the dishes and weeding the gardens. [496] As Kenya's leader, Kenyatta rejected the idea that Marxism offered a useful framework for analysing his country's socio-economic situation. First Wife and Children of Kenyatta The first wife to President Jomo Kenyatta, Grace Wahu was married in 1919 and on 20 November 1922, the very first child of Mzee Jomo was born. How did Jomo Kenyatta get involved in politics? [92] That month, he enrolled in the Woodbrooke Quaker College in Birmingham, where he remained until the spring of 1932, attaining a certificate in English writing. [237] The administration then placed a restricting order on Kenyatta, forcing him to reside in the remote area of Lodwar, where he had to report to the district commissioner twice a day. [181] He was increasingly frustrated, andwithout the intellectual companionship he experienced in Britainfelt lonely. [31] In the evenings, he took classes in a church mission school. [72] In the summer of 1929, he left London and traveled by Berlin to Moscow before returning to London in October. Fiona is allegedly from the lineage of Luo political kingpin Dr William Odongo Omamo. The man who won his country's independence. [465], Kenyatta's succession had been an issue of debate since independence,[466] and Kenyatta had not unreservedly nominated a successor. President Uhuru Kenyatta's son, Jomo, who has for some time been missing from the public eye, on Tuesday night, alongside his dad, visited former Prime Minister Raila Odinga at the latter's home in Karen, Nairobi. Kenyatta maintained himself in England by lecturing and working as a farm labourer, and he continued to produce political pamphlets publicizing the Kikuyu cause. [224] Pritt finally took the case to the Privy Council in London, but they refused his petition without providing an explanation. [62] Grigg's administration could not stop Kenyatta's journey but asked London's Colonial Office not to meet with him. Jeni Makena Gecaga nee Kenyatta is mother to Soiya Gecaga, Nana Gecaga, and Jomo Gecaga, who serves as President Uhuru Kenyatta's private secretary [9]. President Uhuru Kenyatta's first born son Jomo and his wife Fiona have been blessed with a baby boy, named after his grandfather, Uhuru. He was the country's first indigenous president and played a significant role in the transformation of Kenya from a colony of the British Empire into an independent republic. [306], Murray-Brown noted that Kenyatta had the ability to "appear all things to all men",[186] also displaying a "consummate ability to keep his true purposes and abilities to himself", for instance concealing his connections with communists and the Soviet Union both from members of the British Labour Party and from Kikuyu figures at home. His children included President Uhuru Kenyatta, by his fourth and. Mama Ngina lives quietly as a wealthy widow in Kenya. [214] The judge selected, Ransley Thacker, had recently retired from the Supreme Court of Kenya;[210] the government knew he would be sympathetic to their case and gave him 20,000 to oversee it. [302], Continuing to emphasize good relations with the white settlers, in August 1963 Kenyatta met with 300 white farmers at Nakuru. His government pursued capitalist economic policies and the "Africanisation" of the economy, prohibiting non-citizens from controlling key industries. [468] As vice president, Moi was sworn in as acting president for a 90-day interim period. [386] In 1965, the government introduced free medical services for out-patients and children. [51] Kenyatta accepted, probably on the condition that the Association matched his pre-existing wage. When it became apparent that Grace was pregnant, his church elders ordered him to get married before a European magistrate, and also undertake the appropriate religious rites. [23] Accordingly, he was baptized as Johnstone Kamau in August 1914. "[541] His opinions were "most valued" both by conservative African politicians and by Western leaders. [212], The trial took place in Kapenguria, a remote area near the Ugandan border that the authorities hoped would not attract crowds or attention. [541] As noted by Arnold, "no figure in the whole of British Africa, with the possible exception of [Nkrumah], excited among the settlers and the colonial authorities alike so many expressions of anger, denigration and fury as did Kenyatta. [392] He also took on a mediating role during the Congo Crisis, heading the Organisation of African Unity's Conciliation Commission on the Congo. Beth Mugo has been a nominated senator under the Jubilee Alliance (Ruling Alliance in Kenya) since 2013 and has been known to strongly support her cousin (President Uhuru Kenyatta). [18] He was soon joined at the mission dormitory by his brother Kongo. [227] In 1955, P. de Robeck became the District Officer, after which Kenyatta and the other inmates were treated more leniently. [186] Relations with the white minority remained strained; for most white Kenyans, Kenyatta was their principal enemy, an agitator with links to the Soviet Union who had the impertinence to marry a white woman. [43], Kenyatta's interest in politics stemmed from his friendship with James Beauttah, a senior figure in the Kikuyu Central Association (KCA). [396] Kenya became a member of the British Commonwealth,[397] using this as a vehicle to put pressure on the white-minority apartheid regimes in South Africa and Rhodesia. [241] The Governor of Kenya, Patrick Muir Renison, insisted that it was necessary; in a March 1961 speech, he described Kenyatta an "African leader to darkness and death" and stated that if he were released, violence would erupt. She is the best known due to her role as First Lady, was Ngina Kenyatta (ne Muhoho), also known as Mama Ngina. ", In November 1909, Kenyatta left home and enrolled as a pupil at the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM) at Thogoto. [529] While in London, Kenyatta had taken an interest in the atheist speakers at Speakers' Corner in Hyde Park,[530] while an Irish Muslim friend had unsuccessfully urged Kenyatta to convert to Islam. [483] He pursued, according to Maloba, "a conservatism that worked in concert with imperial powers and was distinctly hostile to radical politics". [476] For Kenyatta, independence meant not just self-rule, but an end to the colour bar and to the patronising attitudes and racist slang of Kenya's white minority. Among those lobbying for Kenyatta's release from indefinite detention were Tanganyika's Julius Nyerere and Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah. [328] The police and military structures were left largely intact. Kenyatta left the UK barely two years after Magana was born and returned to Kenya where he married his third wife, Grace Wanjiku, Senior Chief Koinange's daughter and sister to Mbiyu Koinange. Again in 1931 Kenyattas testimony on the issue of closer union of the three colonies was refused, despite the help of liberals in the House of Commons. D.L. [158], Intelligence services continued monitoring Kenyatta, noting that he was politically inactive between 1939 and 1944. [516], Kenyatta has also been described as a talented orator, author, and editor. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Matthew Patay Family (1) Spouse Ngina Muhoho (1951 - 22 August 1978) (his death) (4 children) Edna Clarke (May 1942 - ?) [306] Kenyatta condemned the assassination of the prominent leftist politician, although UK intelligence agencies believed that his own bodyguard had orchestrated the murder. [461] In doing so, senior Kenyans sought to project an image of their country as a modern nation-state rather than one incumbent on tradition. He successfully stalled plans for the union. [130] Appearing in the film also allowed him to meet and befriend its star, the African-American Paul Robeson. As a member of the Kikuyu people, he traveled to London in 1929 to protest the British governments recommendation that its East African territories be more closely united at the expense of Kikuyu interests. [520] He told his daughter "the English are wonderful people to live with in England. What was Jomo Kenyattas domestic policy? Kenyatta was a controversial figure. [77] [68] He also contacted anti-imperialists active in Britain, including the League Against Imperialism, Fenner Brockway, and Kingsley Martin. [175] Kenyatta met with the new Governor of Kenya, Philip Euen Mitchell, and in March 1947 accepted a post on an African Land Settlement Board, holding the post for two years. [129] Several other Africans in London criticized him for doing so, arguing that the film degraded black people. [296] In November 1963, Kenyatta's government introduced a law making it a criminal offence to disrespect the Prime Minister, exile being the punishment. During the ceremony, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburghrepresenting the British monarchyformally handed over control of the country to Kenyatta. [312] British troops were assigned to assist the Kenyan Army in the region. 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