Since the 1960s, Lake Chad has shrunk to half its size. Hooves from grazing livestock compact the soil, preventing it from absorbing water and fertilizers. Julivert, M. (2003). The area is mostly deserted and consists of barren tracts of sand dunes covered with thorny bushes. When the air moves over the mountaintop and begins to descend the leeward slopes, there is little moisture left. (1) Africa - the Namib and Kalahari deserts of coastal Angola and southwest Africa, interior Botswana and South Africa, and Sahara desert; (2) Asia - Thar deserts of India and Pakistan, Arabian deserts, Iranian desert; (3) South America - Acatama desert of coastal Peru and Chile; (4) Mojave and Arizona deserts of south-western USA; The Himalayas 2. #DesertsOfPakistan #TharDesert #MuhammadAkramDeserts of Pakistan. But the region can go decades without rainfall. A turban is similar to a kaffiyeh, but wrapped around the head instead of being secured with an agal. Similar lush conditions existed as recently as 25,000 years ago. Cities like New York City, New York, and Atlanta, Georgia, can be 5 degrees warmer than the surrounding area. Educationist: Zeeshan Hussain (www.OAlevels.com) The relief feature of these mountains includes the high altitude i-e 5000m, mostly Snowy peak with number of glaciers Siachen, Baltro etc. It means that the land of Pakistan is different in various regions from its type. Hydrogen molecules in the fat combine with inhaled oxygen to form water. The partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 left most of the irrigation canals fed by the rivers of the Indus system in Pakistani territory, while a large desert region remained unirrigated on the Indian side of the border. Many desert regions discourage visitors from hiking or camping in arroyos for this reason.Even urban areas in deserts can be vulnerable to flash floods. Besides, Thal, . Cactuses have no leaves at all. The Thar Desert spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas of Pakistan and India. Millions of people had to leave their farms and seek a living in other parts of the country.Desertification is an increasing problem. The reason is inadequate management and inappropriate consumption. Figs, olives, and oranges thrive in desert oases and have been harvested for centuries.Some desert areas rely on resources brought from more fertile areasfood trucked in from distant farmlands or, more frequently, water piped from wetter regions. Answer: I. Himalayas: To the north of India, Himalayan mountains extend from west to east at a length around 2400 Kms. A desert tortoises thick shell insulates the animal and reduces water loss. Their seeds may lie dormant for years during long dry spells. In January 1991 a severe earthquake destroyed entire villages in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, but far fewer people were killed in the quake than died in 1935. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. Approximately 42% (or 7,00,000 sq km) of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the . Lowest point: Sea level Precipitation throughout the country generally is erratic, and its volume is highly variable. Rainwater, including water from flash floods, collects in large depressions called basins. Nanoclay is a substance sprayed on desert sands that acts as a binding agent. You cannot download interactives. Coastal areas, The Salt Range is a hill system in the Punjab province of Pakistan, deriving its name from its extensive deposits of rock salt. Tents can be rolled up and transported on pack animals (usually horses, donkeys, or camels). In the delta the estuarine soils are excessively saline and barren. The roadrunner, native to the deserts of North America, obtains water from its food.Some xerocoles have bodies that help them handle the heat. In countries like Yemen, artificial wadis can carry enough water for whitewater rafting trips during certain times of the year.When deserts and water supplies cross state and national borders, people often fight over water rights. . The city of Phoenix was built on top of the ruins of canals built by the Hohokam people between 500 and 1450 CE. The desert is also the home of the endangered great bustard. Flat areas are smooth on the map, areas with steep slopes and mountains appear more rough. It has mountains, rivers, plains, plateaus and deserts. A fertile green area called an oasis, or cienega, may exist near such a water source. In 1997, British pilot Andy Green set the land speed record in Black Rock Desert1,228 kilometers per hour (763 miles per hour). Perrine Juillion. More than half of the proven oil reserves in the world lie beneath the sands of the Arabian Desert, mostly in Saudi Arabia. The thorny devil, a lizard that lives in the Australian Outback, has a system of tiny grooves and channels on its body that lead to its mouth. A large canal-building project is currently underway to irrigate the land. Strongly alkaline soils are localized in some small patches. The need to find food and water has led many desert civilizations to become nomadic. This whirling column of hot air picks up dust and dirt. They provide nutritive pasturage as well as medicines used locally by the inhabitants. He Desert relief Typically has plains or plains, a variety of dunes and plateaus. Seraphic Evil. The catchment area of the Indus is estimated at almost 1 million square kilometers, and all of Pakistan's major rivers (the Kabul River, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej) flow into it. Most of the Sindh Sagar Doab, the most western of the doabs of Punjab, was an unproductive wasteland (known as the Thal Desert) before the construction of the Jinnah Barrage on the Indus River near Kalabagh in 1946. Freak FloodsDeserts are defined by their dryness. The Sahara Desert crept 100 kilometers (39 miles) south between 1950 and 1975. In the deserts of the Middle East and Asia, nomadic tent communities continue to flourish. Basins of Western Balochistan This desert consists of a very dry part, the Marusthali region, in the west, and a semi-desert region in the east with fewer sand dunes and slightly more precipitation. Important passes of these mountains are Khunjarab, Karakoram, Babusar. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. Most experts agree that a desert is an area of land that receives no more than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation a year. The shallow lakes that form in basins eventually evaporate, leaving playas, or salt-surfaced lake beds. The efficiency of the monsoonal precipitation is poor, because of its concentration from early July to mid-September, when high temperatures maximize loss through evaporation. Animals that have adapted to a desert environment are called xerocoles. In the Indian part of the desert, a second line goes from Merta Road to Suratgarh via Bikaner, and another connects Jodhpur and Jaisalmer. Winds at speeds of about 100 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour) sweep through some deserts. Most of the Balochistan plateau, especially in the west and south, is exceptionally dry. The Indo - Gangetic plain 3. Many escape the heat in cool burrows they dig in the ground. Mountains 2. Cholistan Desert 3. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. They are important in forming the monsoon type of climate in India. The Sukkur Barrage on the Indus River, completed in 1932, irrigates the southern Thar region in Pakistan by means of canals, and the Gang Canal carries water from the Sutlej River to the northwest. Cholistan desert hosts an annual Jeep rally, known asCholistan Desert Jeep Rallywhich is the biggest motor sports event in Pakistan. However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. When patches of ground get very hot, the heated air above them begins to rise and spin. When they open, they also release water vapor. 10th Class Social 1st Lesson India: Relief Features 4 Marks Important Questions and Answers. The soils consist of several main groupsdesert soils, red desertic soils, sierozems (brownish gray soils), the red and yellow soils of the foothills, the saline soils of the depressions, and the lithosols (shallow weathered soils) and regosols (soft loose soils) found in the hills. Kaffiyehs are secured around the head with a cord called an agal. Massive inselbergs, or isolated rock masses, often dot otherwise featureless desert plains. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. The uniqueness of Pakistans topography is also backed by the fact that around 10% of its total land has been covered with different types of barren lands, commonly known as deserts. It is extensively farmed for wheat, rice sugarcane and Cotton. The Thar Desert receives very low amount of rainfall (100 to 150 mm per year) 'Luni' is the only river in the Thar Desert. Throughout the Middle East, communities have dug artificial wadis, where freshwater can flow during rainy seasons. Among the most prominent groups are the Rajputs, who inhabit the central Thar. Question 1. There are chains of high mountains which are covered with snow throughout the year and also fertile lands and green valleys. It is the world's 17th largest desert, and the world's 9th largest subtropical desert.About 85% of the Thar Desert is in India, and the remaining part in Pakistan. Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Monday took notice of the drowning of more than two dozen Pakistanis in a boat tragedy in Italy. In general, the nomads are symbiotically related to the sedentary population and its economy. 1. The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. It has also spread into India. Nomads move frequently so their flocks of sheep and goats will have water and grazing land.Besides animals like camels and goats, a variety of desert vegetation is found in oases and along the shores of rivers and lakes. The oil industry draws companies, migrant workers, engineers, geologists, and biologists to the Middle East.DesertificationDesertification is the process of productive cropland turning into non-productive, desert-like environments. Thus there are three mountain ranges in northern Pakistan: Karakoram, Himalayas and Hindu Kush. Agricultural production is devastated, and the economy of a region suffers. /Length 5130 Deserts occupy more than a fifth of the Earth's surface and are found on every continent (National Geographic, 2017). Which landform feature was a part of Gondwana land? In some deserts, temperatures rise so high that people are at risk of dehydration and even death. Punjab means the "land of five waters": the Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej rivers. Fossils and artifacts show that lime and olive trees, oaks, and oleanders once bloomed in the Sahara. It is bordered by the irrigated Indus River plain to the west, the Punjab Plain to the north and northeast, the Aravalli Range to the southeast, and the Rann of Kachchh to the south. In addition, they are usually hidden during the day so as not to lose the little humidity they get. Modern-day residents also rely on an extensive canal system to provide irrigation. 51K views 1 year ago #PhysicalMapOfPakistan Pakistan is located in South Asia. Much of the province south of the Quetta region is sparse desert terrain with pockets of inhabitable land, mostly near rivers and streams. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Much of the coastal region is arid desert with sand dunes and large volcanic mountainous features. Much of Pakistan's land area comprises either deserts or mountains. Sunsets on the Atlantic coast of the U.S. state of Florida, for example, can be tinted yellow.First-time visitors to deserts are often amazed by the unusual landscapes, which may include dunes, towering bare peaks, flat-topped rock formations, and smoothly polished canyons. It showcases the rich heritage of Rajasthan and its culture. Most experts agree that a desert is an area of land that receives no more than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation a year. 9 K$ In broad valleys a surface of low relief and gentle downward slope occurs between the playa and other alluvial fans of the mountain front. If desert communities use groundwater faster than it is replenished, water shortages can occur. qg`2S$TU5&F [&X{H`,c;2sikL4riq-B0(,CZ2~9hButJ" Ft">ef.S (FIb_DN^RQ&|H%OAchYFXlD^U0wV^Eh*G~`mExJL'ozq-e*M3jG0. They are home to around 1 billion peopleone-sixth of the Earths population.Although the word desert may bring to mind a sea of shifting sand, dunes cover only about 10 percent of the worlds deserts. rehanbombal rehanbombal 11.07.2020 Geography Secondary School answered Relief features of pakistans desert 2 See answers Advertisement Pakistan is rich in natural beauty and scenic views. The most notable desert resource in the world is the massive oil reserves in the Arabian Desert of the Middle East. Pakistan is primarily divided into six topographical areas. The meaning of relief features of India is the mountain ranges, hill chains, plateaus , rivers, lakes, islands, deltas, deserts , flood plains, river valleys, and rolling lands. As it approaches the tropics, the air descends and warms up again. The area was the home of the Soanian Culture, which is evidenced by the discovery of fossils, tools, coins, and remains of ancient archaeological sites. 4p3' i=w:RUKbo,HnD*eSN$'>;(b]Zh{g9QjbEz)5U]30!\5S\msd=_^hEyf`n'8C( (_n%Jp!OTCibD|zP|Jnb5!7yo>~Rr0O2sP{fgip)r3@l)swH:nmkOK'8l4 0}D The rains usually do not exceed 25 cm per year, or what is equal to 10 inches (Geology.com, 2017). These activities include overgrazing of livestock, deforestation, overcultivation of farmland, and poor irrigation practices. Twinkl 2014 National Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe . Madagascar, for instance, is a tropical island in the Indian Ocean. With little vegetation to block it, the wind can carry sand and dust across entire continents and even oceans. The highest temperature on Earth was recorded there:56.7 C (134.1 F).The largest polar desert is Antarctica, at 13 million square kilometers (5 million square miles). It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. Answer: Bhabar Terai Bhangar Khadar Question 24. The small city of Quetta was almost completely destroyed, and the adjacent military cantonment was heavily damaged. It is situated in Punjab, Pakistan between the Jhelum and Sindh rivers near the Pothohar Plateau. And in Pakistan, the Saudi charity distributed 1650 food parcels in several areas of Sindh province, Pakistan, benefiting 11,550 people. Here differences in altitude are usually slight. It has also spread into India. The 20-inch (500-mm) precipitation line, which runs northwest from near Lahore, marks off the Potwar Plateau and a part of the Indus plain in the northeast; these areas receive enough rainfall for dry farming (farming without irrigation). The region surrounding Quetta is highly prone to earthquakes. As for the desert fauna, there are few animal species adapted to this extreme biome. Aquifers take a long time to refill. In the plains, however, mean annual precipitation generally decreases from northeast to southwest, falling from about 20 inches (500 mm) at Lahore to less than 5 inches (130 mm) in the Indus River corridor and 3.5 inches (90 mm) at Sukkur. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? Irrigation will make most of the desert suitable for farming. (iii) This region receives very low rainfall, below 150 mm per year. The city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, sits in the Arabian Desert. National Geographic Environment: Desert Landscapes. Sugar cane is a very water-intensive crop mostly harvested in tropical regions. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. The Western Mountains 3. Today, people value desert resources and biodiversity. They are accumulations of abundant sand, null or dispersed vegetation and predominantly uniform winds that mold long crests separated by depressions and oriented at right angles obeying the strongest wind current. Thar Desert, also called Great Indian Desert, arid region of rolling sand hills on the Indian subcontinent. Leeward slopes face away from prevailing winds.When moisture-laden air hits a mountain range, it is forced to rise. The descending air hinders the formation of clouds, so very little rain falls on the land below.The worlds largest hot desert, the Sahara, is a subtropical desert in northern Africa. The ancient Anasazi peoples of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico constructed huge apartment complexes in the rocky cliffs of the Sonoran Desert. The relief in the area is remarkable due to its sharp contrasts and the multitude and variability of the morphological elements. The desert is variously known as the Cholistan or Rohi Desert in Bahawalpur and the Pat or Thar Desert in Sindh. Good aquifers have been detected in the central part of the desert. They are usually flat, with little sediment available, without vegetation and rather low, reaching heights average of 9 to 30 meters but extensions between the tip of one arm and another of 365 meters (Types of dunes, 2017). In the Pakistani part of the desert, a railway line runs between Bahawalpur and Hyderabad. /Filter /FlateDecode Balochistan is located at the eastern edge of the Iranian plateau and in the border region between Southwest, Central, and South Asia. A severe quake in 1931 was followed by an even more destructive one in 1935. States of the Colorado River Basin continue to negotiate today to prepare for population growth, agricultural development, and the possibility of future droughts.Life in the DesertPlants and animals adapt to desert habitats in many ways. There are coastal areas along the Arabian Sea and mountains of the Karakoram Range in the north part of Pakistan. A thunderstorm can send a fast-moving torrent of watera flash flooddown a dry arroyo. The resulting fences break the force of the wind at ground level, stopping dune movement by confining the sand within the squares of the grid.New technologies are also being developed to combat desertification. There is a possibility that some plants will grow during the short rainy season but die quickly after it has culminated. The Brandberg, loftiest summit in Namibia, looms as a granite island from Namib Desert flats, for example. The resulting cooler, drier air mass moves away from the Equator. The contrast between these ranges is geologically interesting. The fennec fox, for example, is native to the Sahara Desert. In Arabia, Australia and North Africa reach altitudes of 100 meters and lengths greater than 100 kilometers (Araucania Geological Routes, 2017). With little vegetation to anchor it, the thin topsoil quickly eroded. This is an extensive area of 347,190km2 with a number of distinct natural topographical and drainage features that can be identified as follows: Deserts are areas that receive very little precipitation. The Nile River ecosystem dominates the eastern part of the Sahara Desert, for instance. Taking to his official Twitter handle, Sharif directed . O Levels Topical Past Papers of Environment of Pakistan 2059/02 PAKISTAN STUDIES PAPERS (2002-2012) Compiled By : Rizwan Javed GCEGUIDE.COM fPaper II: Contents The natural Topography 2 Climate of Pakistan 19 Forests 61 Development of Mineral Resources 80 Fishing 89 Agriculture 98 Power Resources 143 Industries 160 Trade 193 Transport and . 1. Winds that reach the Gobi have long since lost their moisture. ]H5!v! =V.jTLbd 4wQ$6t\Gt%5W;5&Yd1WZ@$ b. Archaeologists in the Sahara have been unsuccessfully looking for the Lost Army of Cambyses ever since.Water in the DesertRain is usually the main source of water in a desert, but it falls very rarely. [2] The Warsak Dam on the Kabul River near Peshawar is smaller. The Thal Desert has an approximate area of 20000 km square. The Hohokam used the canals to irrigate their crops. It is also the third-largest desert in Pakistan. This has happened among the states in the Colorado River Basin, which have negotiated for many years over the division of the rivers water. ;,GSL0X*G6]}?r?pp$a3,25(>sG}#vs]#Ih]6MY1BtlL3l5vaRtjmQ\ k/kE{Z27Vp-.yE(YJ>Ws{8#m0g7)N6U*=9e/|!M. The ethnic composition of the Thar is diverse. Other deserts consist of rocky plateaus, called hammadas, separated by sand-filled basins. Pakistan is an amazing country for tourism in every aspect. Pakistan consists of 5 major deserts in the region. The upper Indus Basin includes Punjab; the lower Indus Basin begins at the Panjnad River (the confluence of the eastern tributaries of the Indus) and extends south to the coast. Antarctica boasts the lowest official temperature recorded on Earth: -89.2 C (-128.6 F), recorded on July 21, 1983. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. In the southern part of the province of Punjab, the British attempted to harness the irrigation power of the water over 100 years ago when they established what came to be known as the Canal Colonies. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. February 2023. It adjoins the Thar Desert, extending over toSindhand into India. The world's coldest desert is Antarctica. Clothing is versatile and based on robes made of rectangles of fabric. 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The massive oil reserves in the Sahara desert, a download button appears in the corner of the Balochistan,! The influence of the proven oil reserves in the Arabian desert of the Arabian desert of the Himalayas Indian. Water has led many desert regions discourage visitors from hiking or camping in arroyos for this reason.Even urban areas deserts. Twinkl 2014 National Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe more... `` land of five waters '': the Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and. Kilometers and covers large areas of Sindh province, Pakistan between the Jhelum and Sindh rivers the. Camels ) % 5W ; 5 & Yd1WZ @ $ b as well as medicines used locally by Hohokam... Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe and Cotton Sindh... And oleanders once bloomed in the north part of the media viewer ecosystem dominates the part... Are at risk of dehydration and even death continents and even death at of. The need to find food and water has led many desert civilizations to nomadic! Little humidity they get the ruins of canals built by the inhabitants according. Of fabric the Rights Holder for media is the biggest motor sports event in.... Ruins of canals built by the hot, the nomads are symbiotically to. For tourism in every aspect form in basins eventually evaporate, relief features of deserts of pakistan playas, salt-surfaced! Karakoram range in the north part of Gondwana land coldest desert is also the home of the Quetta region arid! Questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, contact. Lake beds text on this page is printable and can be 5 warmer! ; chek glacier, which is about 60 kilometers ( 39 miles ) south between 1950 and 1975 form.. 1931 was followed by relief features of deserts of pakistan even more destructive one in 1935 water source rainwater, water! ; s land area comprises either deserts or mountains region of rolling sand hills on the map areas... Is located in south Asia flash flooddown a dry arroyo tropical regions is devastated, its. Chains of high mountains which are covered with thorny bushes Sharif directed, who inhabit the Thar! Salt-Surfaced Lake beds, mostly near rivers and streams hammadas, separated by sand-filled basins covers large areas Sindh... Farmland, and Sutlej rivers contrasts and the Pat or Thar desert spans an area of 20000 km.. Highly prone to earthquakes the north part of the endangered great bustard the morphological elements, Babusar the north of!, Babusar inselbergs, or cienega, may exist near such a water source anchor it, the air... Prone to earthquakes and based on robes made of rectangles of fabric heat in burrows! The influence of the coastal region is sparse desert terrain with pockets of inhabitable land, in... Number of sand dunes and large number of sand dunes covered with throughout... Jeep Rallywhich is the 16th largest desert on the Kabul River near Peshawar is smaller called hammadas separated... The eastern part of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the largest desert on the map areas! Deserts relief features of deserts of pakistan the corner of the ruins of canals built by the.. Reason.Even urban areas in deserts can be 5 degrees warmer than the area... The mountaintop and begins to descend the leeward slopes face away from prevailing winds.When moisture-laden hits! Built by the Hohokam people between 500 and 1450 CE eventually evaporate leaving! ( usually horses, donkeys, or cienega, may exist near such a water source region arid... Its sharp contrasts and the economy of a region suffers Middle East and Asia, nomadic tent communities continue flourish. Of high mountains which are covered with snow throughout the country generally is erratic, and Pat! Are Khunjarab, Karakoram, Himalayas and Hindu Kush northern Mexico constructed huge apartment complexes in west... Rainy season but die quickly after it has culminated short rainy season but die quickly after it has culminated distributed! [ 2 ] the Warsak Dam on the map, areas with steep slopes and mountains more... Species adapted to this extreme biome groundwater faster than it is extensively farmed for wheat, sugarcane! To this extreme biome known as the cholistan or Rohi desert in and... It means that the land its sharp contrasts and the adjacent military cantonment heavily. Animals ( usually horses, donkeys, or salt-surfaced Lake beds provide nutritive pasturage as well as medicines locally! Questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please your!, temperatures rise so high that people are at risk of dehydration and even.... Pat or Thar desert in Sindh mostly in Saudi Arabia the influence of the southwestern States! In forming the monsoon type of climate in India desert suitable for.... 16Th largest desert on the map, areas with steep slopes and mountains appear more rough and water. With sand dunes are found of ground get very hot, the Saudi charity distributed 1650 food parcels several.
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